Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the nervous system that are responsible for transmitting signals between nerve cells. They are produced in the presynaptic neurons and released into the synaptic cleft when the neuron is excited.

There they bind to specific receptors on the surface of postsynaptic neurons, triggering electrical signals. This ultimately leads to the release of neurotransmitters from the postsynaptic neurons, which in turn leads to further transmission of signals.

There are many different types of neurotransmitters, each with specific functions in the nervous system. Some of the most well-known neurotransmitters include dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine and GABA. Each neurotransmitter plays an important role in regulating processes such as movement, emotions, memory, sleep and learning.

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